In the news1860
Petroleum lamps replaced candles for lighting
Starting in 1860, petroleum lamps replaced candles and tallow lights in German households, significantly improving home lighting.
Tbilisi, 13 Apr 1866 – Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, 26 Feb 1933
9 facts3 sources
13 Apr 1866
Born in Tbilisi
1895–1907
7 children are born
26 Feb 1933
Dies in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, aged 66
He lived through 8 decades. Pick one to hear and see what it was like around Tbilisi.
General history, not a record about the family: each item says where it comes from.
In the news1860
Starting in 1860, petroleum lamps replaced candles and tallow lights in German households, significantly improving home lighting.
What people wore
Costumes as social and marital indicators
Sardinian folk costumes acted as indicators of social status, with wealth signaled by the quality and dye of the fabric, the number of buttons, or the type of metal used for finger rings. Marital status was often signaled by the color of a dress, the type of hairstyle, or a man's vest color.
Getting around
Maritime travel to Sardinia
Steamers connecting Genoa to Sardinia typically took 24 to 26 hours to reach Porto Torres, and passengers landing in Cagliari were not subject to custom-house or police visits.
In Europe · 1859–1871Italy is unified. Garibaldi, Cavour and Victor Emmanuel joined the Italian states into one kingdom, with Rome its capital from 1871.
In the news1864
The completion of the Tbilisi-Saint Petersburg telegraph line in 1864 allowed for rapid communication, enabling authorities to instantly receive intelligence and suppress rebellions in the Caucasus.
Music
The ballu tundu national dance
The ballu tundu, a circular chain dance, was the quintessential national dance of Sardinia, involving complex, secret hand pressures to coordinate movements.
Daily life
Modest homes and contaminated water supplies
In homes before electricity, families often lived in just a few square meters, using a ground floor room as a kitchen and an upstairs room for sleeping. Lacking public water pipes, residents relied on wells or public fountains, and their drinking water was often contaminated due to the absence of sewage systems.