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Robert I, Duke of Parma

Florence, 9 Jul 1848 – Lucca, 16 Nov 1907

8 facts3 sources

Facts and their sources

A life in time

  1. 9 Jul 1848

    Born in Florence

  2. 1870–1905

    13 children are born

  3. 16 Nov 1907

    Dies in Lucca, aged 59

Family

See the tree

Parents

Partners

Children · 13

During his lifetime

He lived through 7 decades. Pick one to hear and see what it was like around Florence.

General history, not a record about the family: each item says where it comes from.

The 1840s · Robert is born in Florence

In the news1842

First seaside medical hostel opens in 1842

In 1842, a seaside hostel was opened in Viareggio, Tuscany, specifically for treating children suffering from tuberculosis. This was the first facility of its kind in Italy, marking an early attempt at marine therapy.

What people wore

Sorrento women's feast day attire

On feast days, peasant women in Sorrento wore bodices of damask with braided trim, styled their hair in a Chinese fashion, and wore a special pin called a spadella with a ribbon hanging down their necks.

Daily life

Daily routine in boarding schools

In private boarding schools run by Pious Schools in the 1840s, students typically followed a strict routine that included eight to nine hours of sleep, five hours of lessons, and two hours of spiritual exercises daily.

In the news1847–1848

First telegraph line established in 1847

The first Italian telegraph line connecting Florence, Pisa, and Livorno was established in 1847. This technology represented a major leap in communication speed across the region.

Music

The expressive tarantella dance

The tarantella was a beloved dance characterized by expressive, flirtatious movements between partners, often performed during festivals and social gatherings. It was considered a deeply emotional, poetic performance that captivated spectators with its dramatic gestures.

In Europe1845–1852

The Great Famine in Ireland

Potato blight ruined harvests: a million Irish people died and a million more emigrated, many to America.

Getting around

Travel by mule and lettiga in Sicily

In Sicily, travel was often done by mule or in a lettiga, a carriage-like box without wheels carried by two mules that moved at about three miles per hour. This unconventional vehicle was notoriously noisy due to bells and prone to swaying on uneven ground.