In the news1690–1699
Famine during 1690s war occupation
Due to war-related requisitions and bad harvests starting in 1690, families in the mountainous Tarentaise and Maurienne provinces were reduced to eating ground shells and nuts mixed with small amounts of oats or barley.
Getting around
Mountain travel and daily distances
Alpine crossings required switching to mules or porters because carriage roads often ended at the base of the mountains. Travelers covering long distances usually managed about 20 to 40 kilometers per day.
In the news1695
Hospice for the Poor established in 1695
In 1695, Duke Rinaldo I established the Hospice for the Poor to manage the large influx of beggars and unemployed people in the city of Modena.
Daily life
Forced lodging of soldiers
Ordinary families often had to provide their own heating, bedding, salt, and cooking materials for quartered soldiers. Soldiers could forcefully enter these homes, sometimes destroying doors with muskets.
What people wore
Everyday peasant clothing
Simple peasants wore sturdy, locally-made garments of brown or white wool and stiff cloth for everyday tasks.
Music
Hurdy-gurdy as a popular folk instrument
The hurdy-gurdy was a common instrument used by ordinary people for centuries to accompany singing, dancing, and popular entertainment. It was also famously associated with Savoyard street performers and children who traveled across Europe with their music and puppets.
At the table
Survival Diet During War and Famine
During times of war and famine around the 1690s, the rural poor in mountainous provinces were sometimes forced to survive on ground shells and nuts mixed with small amounts of oats or barley.