In the news1766
The 1766 Esquilache Riots
The 1766 Esquilache Riots erupted in Madrid after a royal decree forced men to replace their traditional long capes and broad hats with shorter versions. This protest against reform and high food prices led to the dismissal of the king's minister.
What people wore
The Spanish National Costume for Women
For city women of all social classes, the essential street and church attire was the Spanish national costume, consisting of a black basquiña skirt and a mantilla worn over the head and shoulders. This outer layer was removed immediately upon entering a home.
Getting around
Primary transport modes in Bourbon Spain
Between 1750 and 1774, most travel relied on mules, horses, or oxen, as railways and steamships did not yet exist in Spain. People traveled by coach, carriage, or on horseback, with the posta system providing the fastest travel for those who could afford it.
In the news1767
Expulsion of the Jesuits in 1767
King Carlos III ordered the expulsion of the Jesuits from Spain and all its territories in 1767. This major religious policy move aimed to subordinate the church to the Bourbon monarchy and reduce its influence.
Music
Popular instruments and castanets
The guitar was the most popular domestic instrument, often used to accompany dances like the seguidilla and tirana. Dancers frequently played simple castanets, which were held in the palm by a bead tied to their fingers.
Daily life
Water access and hygiene practices
Most people obtained water from public fountains, while those who could afford it purchased water from carriers who delivered it to their homes. Due to the difficulty of accessing water, personal hygiene was often limited, and many still followed the belief that water could be harmful to one's health.