In the news1569–1574
Famine and price crisis of 1569-1574
Between 1569 and 1574, a severe famine and price crisis struck the region, causing mass death among the poorest residents, while wealthy nobles remained largely unaffected. During 1573 and 1574, a 2.2-kilogram loaf of rye bread cost an unskilled worker in Krakow between 32% and 40% of their daily wage.
At the table
Varied fish diet for ordinary people
Volhynian townspeople and peasants regularly ate a variety of fish, including carp, pike, sturgeon, and even imported Danzig herring, which they preserved by salting, smoking, or drying.
What people wore
Seasonal work coats
Women wore 'sermyaha' coats, which were considered peasant clothing, even when working in fields in early May or late August to protect against cold mornings. Men wore such woolen outer garments consistently, even throughout the summer.
Getting around
Crowded Conditions in Wagons
Wagons were often crowded, with important passengers sitting under a cover while others sat on the sides with their feet on makeshift stirrups made of boards and rope.
What it cost
Cost of a loaf of bread
In the late 16th century, a loaf of sifted rye bread cost 1 Polish groschen.
Music
Common Musical Instruments
Musical records from Volhynia list musicians playing diverse instruments including the kobza, lute, violin, cithara, bagpipe (duda), and tambourine (bubon).
Daily life
Elite children's hygiene and diet
Elite families instructed nannies to brush their children's teeth after meals and often served them fresh fruit in the morning.