In the news1771
New Mail Coach Service Established in 1771
In 1771, a mail coach service was established between Madrid, Barcelona, and Cádiz, charging four to five reales per league and promising travel in twenty-one days. This was considered a remarkable speed and comfort for passengers at the time.
Getting around
Post riders travelled quickly between stations
Travelers could ride as post, which was the fastest and most advanced way to move around Spain, covering 36 to 48 kilometers per day on average. Riders moved between postal stations, typically 14 to 22 kilometers apart, aiming to spend only 45 minutes per league traveled.
In Europe1772–1795
Poland is partitioned
Russia, Prussia and Austria divided Poland among themselves in three steps until, in 1795, it vanished from the map for 123 years.
Daily life
Dark, poorly lit homes for the poor
Ordinary homes for humble people were dark because windows were small, often covered with oiled paper instead of glass, which was reserved for the wealthy. Artificial lighting was mostly provided by oil lamps or candles, which could produce unpleasant odors and safety hazards in poorer households.
What people wore
The High Value of Footwear and Clothing
Rope or wooden shoes were common among poorer individuals, and it was not unusual to find records of people owning only a single shoe or a single stocking. Clothes were so valuable that they were rarely discarded, often being repurposed, auctioned to pay for burial expenses, or given as part of a domestic servant's wages.
Music
Guitar and Castanets in Popular Life
The guitar was the most popular instrument among ordinary people, frequently used to accompany singing and dancing at home, in streets, and at festivals. Dancers often played simple castanets held in their palms to accompany themselves during performances.
At the table
Diet of the Laboring Poor
Poor laborers often ate soup with oil or cornmeal porridge in the morning and legumes or salted sardines at midday. Wine was considered expensive, so these families typically drank it only on feast days, sometimes to excess.