%20{%20.f%20{%20fill:%20%23EE7466%20}%20.s%20{%20stroke:%20%23EE7466%20}%20}%3c/style%3e%3cdefs%3e%3cfilter%20id='ink-fav'%20x='-5%25'%20y='-5%25'%20width='110%25'%20height='110%25'%3e%3cfeTurbulence%20type='fractalNoise'%20baseFrequency='0.9'%20numOctaves='2'%20seed='7'%20result='n'/%3e%3cfeDisplacementMap%20in='SourceGraphic'%20in2='n'%20scale='2.2'%20result='d'/%3e%3cfeTurbulence%20type='fractalNoise'%20baseFrequency='0.05'%20numOctaves='3'%20seed='18'%20result='blot'/%3e%3cfeColorMatrix%20in='blot'%20type='matrix'%20values='0%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%20-1.5%201.62'%20result='m1'/%3e%3cfeTurbulence%20type='fractalNoise'%20baseFrequency='1.6'%20numOctaves='1'%20seed='12'%20result='grain'/%3e%3cfeColorMatrix%20in='grain'%20type='matrix'%20values='0%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%200%20-2.4%202.25'%20result='m2'/%3e%3cfeComposite%20in='m1'%20in2='m2'%20operator='arithmetic'%20k1='1'/%3e%3cfeComposite%20in='d'%20operator='in'/%3e%3c/filter%3e%3c/defs%3e%3cg%20filter='url(%23ink-fav)'%20transform='rotate(-6%2080%2080)'%3e%3ccircle%20class='s'%20cx='80'%20cy='80'%20r='69'%20fill='none'%20stroke-width='16'/%3e%3cpath%20class='f'%20d='M47.33%2044.42Q46.25%2041.94%2045.01%2040.64Q43.77%2039.35%2041.71%2038.75Q39.66%2038.16%2035.67%2037.84L35.67%2033.84L80.16%2033.84L80.16%2037.84Q74.11%2038.27%2071.85%2039.13Q69.58%2040%2069.58%2042.05Q69.58%2043.24%2070.23%2045.07L86.32%2089.57L86.97%2089.57L102.3%2049.61Q103.38%2046.8%20103.38%2044.75Q103.38%2041.83%20100.68%2040.27Q97.98%2038.7%2091.39%2037.84L91.39%2033.84L124.77%2033.84L124.77%2037.84Q119.69%2038.59%20117.15%2039.67Q114.61%2040.75%20113.05%2042.97Q111.48%2045.18%20109.65%2049.82L82.97%20118.08L77.79%20118.08L47.33%2044.42Z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)
In the news1649
Papal Seizure of Castro in 1649
In 1649, Pope Innocent X seized the Duchy's fief of Castro after accusing the Farnese family of murdering an ecclesiastic, leading to a war that ended in their defeat.
Maria d'Este
Modena, 8 Dec 1644 – Parma, 20 Aug 1684
9 facts3 sources
Facts and their sources
- Born8 Dec 1644, Modenanot verified1 source
- Died20 Aug 1684, Parmanot verified1 source
A life in time
8 Dec 1644
Born in Modena
19 May 1678
A son is born
20 Aug 1684
Dies in Parma, aged 39
Family
See the treeDuring her lifetime
She lived through 5 decades. Pick one to hear and see what it was like around Modena.
General history, not a record about the family: each item says where it comes from.
The 1640s · Maria is born in Modena
At the table
Wine as daily beverage
Due to contaminated water in Novara, ordinary people often consumed wine as their daily beverage to avoid health risks.
What people wore
Courtly feast day costumes featured exotic feathers
For special feast day performances at court, such as those in the 1640s, noble performers wore intricate costumes featuring exotic elements like heron feathers, which were a popular decorative motif.
Getting around
Travel by Foot, Horse, or Carriage
Most common people traveled on foot, while wealthier individuals might use horses, mules, or carriages if the road conditions permitted.
What it cost
Publicly regulated bread prices and supply
Public authorities in Turin strictly regulated the bread supply, setting official prices based on wheat market fluctuations to ensure social stability. They conducted bread tests to calculate production costs and guarantee an affordable supply for residents.
Music
The wandering hurdy-gurdy player
In popular tradition, wandering musicians, often children, were known for traveling across Europe and performing to the sound of the hurdy-gurdy.
Daily life
Communal dining habits and etiquette
Dining often involved sharing dishes, cups, and bowls, requiring guests to eat sparingly to leave food for others, as the key rule at the table was sharing.