Dorothea of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg

What people wore

Legal Restrictions on Clothing Materials

Ordinary men and women were legally prohibited from wearing luxury textiles like velvet, damask, or silk, though non-noble unmarried women could wear simple silk or velvet hair ribbons.

Daily life

Household-based education and basic literacy

There was no compulsory schooling, and children were primarily educated within their own households, with boys learning trades from their fathers and girls helping their mothers. However, parish clerks were increasingly tasked with teaching children basic reading of printed text, using Christian materials like Luther's Small Catechism.

Work

Rural family roles and farming tasks

The vast majority of the population worked on family farms, where men performed heavy labor like plowing and harvesting, while women managed tasks such as milking cows, baking bread, and brewing beer.

Music

Hymns replace dance in churches

Following the 1536 Reformation, communal hymn singing in Danish became a central and active part of church services, though the authorities actively suppressed folk dancing inside churches.

At the table

Beer as an Everyday Drink

Ordinary people drank weak beer daily, as the quality of water was poor and it was considered safer and more common than drinking water.

Getting around

Traveling by foot or wagon

In the 1500s, people typically traveled by foot, horseback, or in wagons, covering about 6 to 7 km per hour in a walking pace.

What it cost

Income of a Hessian foot soldier

A foot soldier hired to serve the Landgrave of Hesse could earn an annual salary of 40 gulden, along with two sets of court clothing.