George III of Great Britain

Norfolk House, 4 Jun 1738 – Windsor Castle, 29 Jan 1820

18 facts3 sources

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About George III

George III: Monarchy Across Britain and Hanover

AI-assisted · edited

The collection records George III’s birth in 1738 at Norfolk House and his death in 1820 at Windsor Castle. His parents were Frederick, Prince of Wales, and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha. 1 2 3 4

George III ruled as monarch of Great Britain and, following the political union, as monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. These two titles trace the transformation of the monarchy during his reign. 5 6 7

The family record links George III to Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. A summary in the collection describes him as the first Hanoverian monarch born in Great Britain, speaking English as his first language and never visiting Hanover. 7 8

Drafted with AI and edited against the collection. Open a citation to see the record, its sources and how certain it is.

Facts and their sources

Born4 Jun 1738, Norfolk Housenot verified1 source
MarriedCharlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitznot verified1 source
MarriedHannah Lightfootnot verified1 source
Titleheir apparent, 1751–1760or King of Ireland, 1760–1801 · Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1760–1814 · Monarch of Great Britain, 1760–1801 · monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 1801–1820 · King of Hanover, 1814–1820 · Duke of Edinburgh, 1751–1760 · Prince-Elector, 1760–1806not verified1 source
TitleDuke of Edinburgh, 1751–1760or King of Ireland, 1760–1801 · Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1760–1814 · Monarch of Great Britain, 1760–1801 · monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 1801–1820 · King of Hanover, 1814–1820 · heir apparent, 1751–1760 · Prince-Elector, 1760–1806not verified1 source
TitleDuke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1760–1814or King of Ireland, 1760–1801 · Monarch of Great Britain, 1760–1801 · monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 1801–1820 · King of Hanover, 1814–1820 · Duke of Edinburgh, 1751–1760 · heir apparent, 1751–1760 · Prince-Elector, 1760–1806not verified1 source
TitleKing of Ireland, 1760–1801or Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1760–1814 · Monarch of Great Britain, 1760–1801 · monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 1801–1820 · King of Hanover, 1814–1820 · Duke of Edinburgh, 1751–1760 · heir apparent, 1751–1760 · Prince-Elector, 1760–1806not verified1 source
TitleMonarch of Great Britain, 1760–1801or King of Ireland, 1760–1801 · Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1760–1814 · monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 1801–1820 · King of Hanover, 1814–1820 · Duke of Edinburgh, 1751–1760 · heir apparent, 1751–1760 · Prince-Elector, 1760–1806not verified1 source
TitlePrince-Elector, 1760–1806or King of Ireland, 1760–1801 · Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1760–1814 · Monarch of Great Britain, 1760–1801 · monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 1801–1820 · King of Hanover, 1814–1820 · Duke of Edinburgh, 1751–1760 · heir apparent, 1751–1760not verified1 source
Titlemonarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 1801–1820or King of Ireland, 1760–1801 · Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1760–1814 · Monarch of Great Britain, 1760–1801 · King of Hanover, 1814–1820 · Duke of Edinburgh, 1751–1760 · heir apparent, 1751–1760 · Prince-Elector, 1760–1806not verified1 source
TitleKing of Hanover, 1814–1820or King of Ireland, 1760–1801 · Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1760–1814 · Monarch of Great Britain, 1760–1801 · monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 1801–1820 · Duke of Edinburgh, 1751–1760 · heir apparent, 1751–1760 · Prince-Elector, 1760–1806not verified1 source
Died29 Jan 1820, Windsor Castlenot verified1 source
FatherFrederick, Prince of Walesnot verified1 source
MotherPrincess Augusta of Saxe-Gothanot verified1 source

A life in time

4 Jun 1738
Born in Norfolk House
1751–1760
Heir apparent
1751–1760
Duke of Edinburgh
1760–1814
Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
1760–1801
King of Ireland
1760–1801
Monarch of Great Britain
1760–1806
Prince-Elector
1762–1783
15 children are born
1801–1820
Monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1814–1820
King of Hanover
29 Jan 1820
Dies in Windsor Castle, aged 81

Family

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Parents

Partners

Children · 15

During his lifetime

He lived through 10 decades. Pick one to hear and see what it was like around Norfolk House.

General history, not a record about the family: each item says where it comes from.

The 1730s · George III is born in Norfolk House

In the news1739

The Hard Winter 1739

The hard winter of 1739 brought extreme weather that caused rising poor rates, widespread destitution, and higher mortality rates.

At the table

Beer was common for all classes

Beer was a standard drink even for children, with working men often receiving an allowance of up to a gallon per day as part of their wages. Midday dinner for workers typically consisted of bread, beer, and cheese or fatty bacon.

What people wore

Stays used for comfort, not restriction

While working women wore leather or canvas stays for comfort and practicality, they did not restrict their breathing or movement.

Getting around

Slow, grueling stagecoach travel between towns

Stagecoach travel was slow and physically demanding; for example, a journey from London to Gloucester, 82 miles away, took an entire day. Roads were often so rocky and narrow that passengers reported being jumbled like peas in a child's rattle.

What it cost

Costs of meat and bread provisions

Butcher's meat cost 1s. 10d. per stone in 1729. Bread prices fluctuated, but in 1745, one penny could purchase 15 ounces and 9/16 of bread.

Music

The hurdy-gurdy in English social life

The hurdy-gurdy was a popular instrument for both street performances and social occasions, often played by itinerant musicians to accompany singing and dancing in public houses.

Daily life

Varied schooling for children

There was no national education system, and children might attend a variety of settings ranging from charitable schools for the poor to private grammar schools.