Richard Edwardes

At the table

Ale was the common everyday drink

Ale was the common drink because it was safer than local water, with almost every household brewing its own batches. The fermentation was short, often lasting only a few days, resulting in a low-alcohol drink that was considered safe for everyone, including children.

What people wore

Limited wardrobes for the commoners

Many ordinary people owned only one set of clothes for daytime wear and lacked dedicated sleepwear, opting to sleep in their smocks and nightcaps.

Getting around

Horse litters and ferry travel utilized

When travel by land was impractical due to illness or pregnancy, people of rank sometimes used horse litters, though these were unsuitable for long journeys. Water travel was essential, with ferries routinely carrying people, livestock, and goods across firths and rivers.

What it cost

High Cost of Subsistence Goods

Rising costs of basic goods hit the poor harder than the rich because subsistence households relied heavily on expensive domestic agricultural products like grain and ale.

Music

Nightly Patrols by Civic Musicians

Civic musicians called waits often patrolled town streets at night on winter nights, providing entertainment and calling out the time or weather.

Daily life

Small, One-Room Homes with Open Fires

Ordinary people lived in small, one-room houses with an open central fire for cooking and warmth, where smoke escaped through gaps in the roof.