Marie Armand Patrice de Mac Mahon

What people wore

Cagliari bread seller gala dress

The gala dress of Cagliari bread sellers, or panattara, featured a massive skirt of blue silk satin worn over one or two petticoats to create a bell-shaped volume. It was completed by a striking red cloth head cloak known as a mantilla, decorated with silver thread embroidery.

Getting around

Challenges of early travel

Before railways were built, travel was often restricted to mule tracks or rudimentary roads, such as a 6-mile trip to Osilo that could only be made on horseback and took 6 hours.

At the table

Frugal Breakfasts and Coffee Substitutes

Before true coffee became widespread, many families drank an infusion made from roasted chickpeas, wheat, barley, or even acorns. Breakfast was very frugal, consisting of little more than a piece of bread and occasionally a small amount of jam.

Music

Songs at wool-carding gatherings

During social wool-carding gatherings, young men offered flowers to women accompanied by sung verses, with the women required to respond in kind.

Daily life

Modest homes and contaminated water supplies

In homes before electricity, families often lived in just a few square meters, using a ground floor room as a kitchen and an upstairs room for sleeping. Lacking public water pipes, residents relied on wells or public fountains, and their drinking water was often contaminated due to the absence of sewage systems.

What it cost

Rising cost of bread

Between 1850 and 1870, the cost of 2 kilograms of bread rose from 52 to 74 centimes.