In the news1702
French forces occupied Modena in 1702
French troops occupied Modena in August 1702, forcing Duke Rinaldo and his court to flee to Bologna during the War of the Spanish Succession.
Genoa, 18 Feb 1703 – Genoa, 6 Jan 1769
6 facts2 sources
18 Feb 1703
Born in Genoa
7 Oct 1737
A daughter is born
6 Jan 1769
Dies in Genoa, aged 65
He lived through 7 decades. Pick one to hear and see what it was like around Genoa.
General history, not a record about the family: each item says where it comes from.
In the news1702
French troops occupied Modena in August 1702, forcing Duke Rinaldo and his court to flee to Bologna during the War of the Spanish Succession.
What people wore
Functional button decor
Men's coat sleeves were decorated with three vertical buttons, a feature originally intended to prevent lower-class soldiers from wiping their noses or faces on their sleeves.
Getting around
Slow and difficult carriage travel
Travel by carriage was complex and often slow, requiring constant stops for harness repairs or because road conditions created deep ruts and hollows.
In Europe · 1700–1721The Great Northern War. Russia, Denmark and Saxony fought Sweden for the Baltic; Peter the Great won and built St Petersburg on the conquered coast.
In the news1707
Duke Rinaldo returned to Modena in February 1707 after the French withdrawal, following an intense bombardment of the city.
Music
The Zapato Gift Festival
The zapato was a specialized court festival held around Saint Nicholas Day, centered on the tradition of exchanging gifts.
Daily life
Public sanitation and water quality struggles
Public hygiene was poor, as residents frequently threw waste and excrement directly out of windows into the street, and in 1718, school children were noted for relieving themselves in public squares and alleys. Water was often contaminated because residents washed clothes and vegetables in public fountains.