Monarch of Portugal, 1750–1777 · Kingdom of Portugal
In the news1766
The 1766 Esquilache Riots
The 1766 Esquilache Riots erupted in Madrid after a royal decree forced men to replace their traditional long capes and broad hats with shorter versions. This protest against reform and high food prices led to the dismissal of the king's minister.
Music
The Popular Fandango Dance
In the 18th century, the fandango became so popular across all social classes that some foreign travelers considered it Portugal's national dance. Originally from Spanish theaters, it was danced by couples using castanets or finger snapping, often in taverns and even convents.
Around the world · 1756–1763
The Seven Years’ War. Fought in Europe, the Americas, Africa and India, often called the first world war: Britain took Canada and India from France.
Blaue Max · CC BY-SA 4.0
Daily life
Costs for lodging and meals in Lisbon
Travelers in Lisbon could stay in rented rooms where daily food, including lunch and dinner, cost 30 réis, while the room itself was charged separately, ranging from 10 to 40 réis. Simpler meals at food houses commonly cost 12 réis.
In the news1769
Abolition of slavery in continental Portugal
In 1769, the Marquis of Pombal abolished slavery in continental Portugal and Portuguese India, significantly changing the legal status of enslaved people.
What people wore
Fishermen kept gala outfits for generations
Fishermen wore simple linen breeches during work, but dressed in blue cloth suits for Sundays and kept their finest gala outfits for rare feast days. These precious gala sets were often passed down through generations, from parents to children and even grandchildren.
Getting around
Travel in luxury via mule-drawn litters
Wealthy individuals traveled between cities in litters, which were carriage-like boxes pulled by mules, at a cost of 80,000 to 90,000 réis for a journey between Lisbon and Porto.