Maria Dmitrievna Zabotkina

Getting around

Railway Travel and Official Formalities

Rail travel revolutionized transport; the journey from Moscow to Nizhny Novgorod took 14.5 hours in summer and over 15 hours in winter, while freight trains required nearly a full day. Passengers paid for tickets and had to navigate government formalities, including showing passports at multiple offices.

At the table

Sunflower seeds as a social snack

During social gatherings, villagers enjoyed companionship while husking sunflower seeds and spitting the shells onto the floor. These seeds were popular treats for children, gifts for hosts, and a common snack accompanying village conversation.

What people wore

Rubber overshoes as rural status symbols

Rubber overshoes became a huge fashion trend in villages; people would wear them even in 30-degree summer heat just to show them off while attending church.

Music

Improvised percussion for fast dances

During fast dances called pliaska, performers sometimes used improvised percussion instruments like wooden spoons, a metal pot, or even a scythe.

Daily life

Water and lighting in peasant homes

Peasant households relied on water from natural sources like rivers or wells, often using wooden buckets, and did not have indoor plumbing. Lighting was traditionally provided by burning slivers of wood, though wealthier families began adopting kerosene lamps in the late 19th century.