In the news1771
New Mail Coach Service Established in 1771
In 1771, a mail coach service was established between Madrid, Barcelona, and Cádiz, charging four to five reales per league and promising travel in twenty-one days. This was considered a remarkable speed and comfort for passengers at the time.
Getting around
Daily travel speeds and distances
Travelers using the posta system to change horses at established stops could cover approximately 150 to 200 kilometers per day. In contrast, heavy cargo carts drawn by oxen moved slowly, typically traveling only 20 to 35 kilometers per day.
In Europe1772–1795
Poland is partitioned
Russia, Prussia and Austria divided Poland among themselves in three steps until, in 1795, it vanished from the map for 123 years.
Daily life
Cooking and food reliance in modest homes
Cooking in humble homes was typically performed in a multi-use kitchen area equipped with straw chairs, a wooden table, and basic cooking utensils. Bread and wine were the primary staples, and because many poor households lacked space or fuel, people often relied on buying prepared food from vendors, such as fried fish, fritters, or chickpeas.
What people wore
The essential Spanish national costume
Women of all social classes wore a black skirt called a basquiña and a head-covering shawl called a mantilla when going out in public or to church, removing them immediately upon entering a home.
Music
Guitar and Castanets in Popular Life
The guitar was the most popular instrument among ordinary people, frequently used to accompany singing and dancing at home, in streets, and at festivals. Dancers often played simple castanets held in their palms to accompany themselves during performances.
At the table
Diet of the Laboring Poor
Poor laborers often ate soup with oil or cornmeal porridge in the morning and legumes or salted sardines at midday. Wine was considered expensive, so these families typically drank it only on feast days, sometimes to excess.