In Europe1845–1852
The Great Famine in Ireland
Potato blight ruined harvests: a million Irish people died and a million more emigrated, many to America.
26 Feb 1858 – 6 May 1858
8 facts1 source
26 Feb 1858
Born
6 May 1858
Dies, aged 0
General history, not a record about the family: each item says where it comes from.
In Europe1845–1852
Potato blight ruined harvests: a million Irish people died and a million more emigrated, many to America.
At the table
Alcohol as a Daily Staple
Schnapps, distilled cheaply from potatoes, became a daily staple for the poor alongside sugar-sweetened coffee. Beer was also consumed, and by the later part of the period, the invention of bottled beer with swing stoppers made it more accessible.
What people wore
Creative Sewing to Save Fabric
To save money on expensive fabrics, rural women often sewed a piece of linen into the hidden parts of their dresses that were covered by an apron, a practice known as Magsachte.
Getting around
Limitations of mail-coach travel
Before railways became dominant, mail-coaches reached speeds of 8 to 12.7 km/h, but their daily range was limited to around 100 kilometers due to frequent stops, meals, and border controls.
What it cost
Survival budget for a rural family
In the early 1850s, a rural worker's family of five needed approximately 76 Thalers annually for basic survival. A typical male day laborer could earn about 8 Mariengroschen per day during peak harvest months.
Music
Rise of male choirs and music festivals
The 19th century saw a massive surge in male choirs, known as Liedertafel, which moved from private social gatherings to public music festivals.
Daily life
Compulsory schooling and kindergarten costs
Children were required to attend school from ages six to fourteen, often carrying books in long tin satchels. In model kindergartens, families could pay fees between sixpence and three shillings a month for care and meals.