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Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine

Also known as Ella (nickname)

Darmstadt, 1 Nov 1864 – Alapayevsk, 18 Jul 1918

9 facts1 source

Facts and their sources

A life in time

  1. 1 Nov 1864

    Born in Darmstadt

  2. 18 Jul 1918

    Dies in Alapayevsk, aged 53

Family

See the tree

Parents

Partner

During her lifetime

She lived through 6 decades. Pick one to hear and see what it was like around Darmstadt.

General history, not a record about the family: each item says where it comes from.

The 1860s · Princess is born in Darmstadt

In the news1861

Emancipation of the Serfs

The 1861 Emancipation Manifesto freed nearly 50 million serfs, granting them personal freedom but requiring them to redeem their land through long-term government loans.

Getting around

Limitations of mail-coach travel

Before railways became dominant, mail-coaches reached speeds of 8 to 12.7 km/h, but their daily range was limited to around 100 kilometers due to frequent stops, meals, and border controls.

At the table

Potatoes and Bread as Staples

Working-class families relied heavily on potatoes and rye bread as their staple diet, often eating potatoes two or three times a day. Eggs and butter were considered expensive luxuries, with some workers rarely, if ever, having access to an egg.

Italy is unified. Garibaldi, Cavour and Victor Emmanuel joined the Italian states into one kingdom, with Rome its capital from 1871.In Europe · 1859–1871

Italy is unified. Garibaldi, Cavour and Victor Emmanuel joined the Italian states into one kingdom, with Rome its capital from 1871.

Baldassare Verazzi (1819-1886) · public domain

What people wore

Children's Footwear in Rural Areas

While better-off families could afford varied clothes, children of the impoverished often went barefoot over stone and stubble during the summer months.

Music

Singing was a common group leisure activity

People often sang together after work or during leisure time, such as when farm workers returned home with their tools or during Sunday afternoon strolls.

Daily life

Compulsory schooling and kindergarten costs

Children were required to attend school from ages six to fourteen, often carrying books in long tin satchels. In model kindergartens, families could pay fees between sixpence and three shillings a month for care and meals.