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Princess María de la Esperanza of Bourbon-Two Sicilies

Madrid, 14 Jun 1914 – Seville, 8 Aug 2005

10 facts3 sources

Facts and their sources

A life in time

  1. 14 Jun 1914

    Born in Madrid

  2. 8 Aug 2005

    Dies in Seville, aged 91

Family

See the tree

Parents

Partner

During her lifetime

She lived through 10 decades. Pick one to hear and see what it was like around Madrid.

General history, not a record about the family: each item says where it comes from.

The 1910s · Princess is born in Madrid

In the news1918

1918 flu epidemic ends urban death cycles

The 1918 flu pandemic was the last major epidemic to severely impact urban life, after which cities began growing through natural increase.

What people wore

Espadrilles as Everyday Footwear

Espadrilles were the most common footwear for workers and farmers, often paired with socks by men or stockings by women, while leather shoes were typically reserved for formal occasions or specific uniforms.

Getting around

Circular railway tickets for long journeys

At the start of the 20th century, travelers could purchase circular tickets from the Norte Company, allowing them to travel up to 3,000 kilometers over 45 days.

The First World War. From 1914 to 1918 the great powers fought in trenches across Europe and beyond; some 20 million people died. Brazil joined the Allies in 1917.Around the world · 1914–1918

The First World War. From 1914 to 1918 the great powers fought in trenches across Europe and beyond; some 20 million people died. Brazil joined the Allies in 1917.

Collection DocAnciens/docpix.fr · public domain

In the news1919

1919 8-hour workday institutionalized after strike

Following the 1919 La Canadiense strike, the government institutionalized the 8-hour workday, significantly altering labor conditions.

Music

Lullabies sung by rural Spanish women

Rural Spanish women sang lullabies while working to soothe their children, often improvising verses based on their current mood.

Daily life

Mandatory Schooling vs. Reality

Although primary education was legally mandatory for children up to age 12 in 1901 and age 14 by 1923, poverty often made schooling an unattainable luxury for many families. Education was frequently deprioritized in favor of immediate economic needs and child labor.